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Traduire++ l'article en anglais et ses schémas !! Puis ajouter en fonction de ce que je trouve Dire que la thoracique supéreieure provient parfois directement de la subclavière (ça dépend des sources)
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Les artères axillaires sont des artères systémiques amenant du sang oxygéné vers les membres supérieurs.
On compte une artère axillaire droite et une axillaire gauche dans le creux axillaire.
Les artères axillaires sont issues des artères subclavières juste sous le rebord de la clavicule et sur la première côte (tubercule de Lisfanc). Cette artère se dirige vers le bas, le dehors, formant un arc concave vers le bas. Elle donne naissance à l'artère brachiale ou artère humérale juste en dessous de la limite inférieure du muscle grand pectoral. Ses collatérales sont l'artère thoracique supérieure, l'artère acromiothoracique, l'artère thoracique latérale, l'artère sous-scapulaire, l'artère circonflexe postérieure et antérieure.
[[Catégorie:Artère du membre supérieur|Axillaire, Artère]]
| Nom latin |
arteria axillaris |
|---|---|
| MeSH |
A07.231.114.085 |
| Nom MeSH |
Axillary+Artery |
| Sujet |
149 |
|---|---|
| Page |
586 |
In human anatomy, the axillary artery is a large blood vessel that conveys oxygenated blood to the lateral aspect of the thorax, the axilla (armpit) and the upper limb. Its origin is at the lateral margin of the first rib, before which it is called the subclavian artery.
After passing the lower margin of teres major it becomes the brachial artery.
Relation to pectoralis minor: division into three parts[modifier | modifier le code]
The axillary artery is often referred to as having three parts, with these divisions based on its location relative to the Pectoralis minor muscle, which is superficial to the artery.
- First part - the part of the artery medial to pectoralis minor
- Second part - the part of the artery that lies posteriorly to pectoralis minor
- Third part - the part of the artery lateral to pectoralis minor
Relation to nerves and vein[modifier | modifier le code]
The axillary artery is accompanied by the axillary vein, which lies medial to the artery, along its length.
In the axilla, the axillary artery is surrounded by the brachial plexus. The second part of the axillary artery is the reference for the locational descriptions of the cords in the brachial plexus. For example, the posterior cord of the brachial plexus is so named because it lies posterior to the second part of the artery.
Branches[modifier | modifier le code]
The axillary artery has several smaller branches. The branches can be remembered, in order, when traveling from the heart, with the mnemonic "Screw The Lawyers Save A Patient", "Summertime: The Lakers Schedule Another Parade", or "She Tastes Like Sweet Apple Pie." [1] The origin of these branches is highly variable (e.g. the posterior and anterior circumflex arteries often have a common trunk). An arterial branch is named for its course, not its origin.
- First part (1 branch)
- Superior thoracic artery (Supreme thoracic artery)
- Second part (2 branches)
- Thoraco-acromial artery
- Lateral thoracic artery. If the lateral thoracic artery is not branching from the axillary artery, will most likely branch from the following (in order of likelihood): (1) thoracoacromial, (2) third part of axillary artery, (3) suprascapular artery, (4) subscapular artery
- Third part (3 branches)
Continues as the brachial artery past the inferior border of the teres major.
Clinical Significance[modifier | modifier le code]
The axillary artery may be safely clamped without endangering the arm, but only in a location proximal to the origin of the subscapular artery. The anastomotic network surrounding the scapula provides an alternate path for collateral circulation to the arm from arteries including the dorsal scapular artery and suprascapular artery.
The right axillary artery is often used as an arterial cannulation site in cardiac surgery, particularly for repair of aortic dissection and replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic arch.
Additional images[modifier | modifier le code]
-
The veins of the right axilla, viewed from in front. -
The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front. -
Suprascapular and axillary nerves of right side, seen from behind. -
Brachial plexus and axillary artery -
Axillary artery -
Axillary artery -
Axillary artery -
Axillary artery -
Axillary artery -
Axillary artery
References[modifier | modifier le code]
External links[modifier | modifier le code]
- (en) lesson3axillaryart&vein du site The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman de l'université de Georgetown
- Modèle:DukeOrtho
- (en) Photo anatomique 05:06-0101 du SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Axillary Region: Parts of the Axillary Artery"
- Modèle:SUNYAnatomyFigs - "The axillary artery and its major branches shown in relation to major landmarks."
{{Arteries of upper limbs}} [[Category:Arteries of the upper limb]]