Discussion:Uniformologie/Bac à sable
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The History of Uniformology[modifier le code]
During the 19th and the early part of the 20th Centuries prior to the First World War the military as a profession was considered a prestigious enterprise. There was no greater reflection of this prestige than the uniforms of the various armed forces. One might even surmise that before the advent of modern sports that the military service of the country might be considered the "team" that represented national, regional, or local pride. In Europe most large communities had "Honor Guards" made up of societies finest who would don their fancy if impractical uniforms for ceremonial occasions and to escort visiting dignitaries. In the United States before and after the Civil War their were numerous local militias and volunteer military units. Many of these in their unique uniforms saw service in the Civil War on both sides and many acquited themselves with honor and bravery in battle. Winners and losers copied the styles of their foes. The British Sixteenth Lancers adopted red tunics in honor of the famous Dutch Lancers of Napoleon;s Imperial Guard and all of Europe and even the United States rushed to adopt spiked helmets after the German's defeated the French in the Franco Prussian War. During this period the military uniform print was sought after and studied as people reflected on military glory past and present. Following the Napoleonic Wars military fashion was at its peak as the combatants and their heirs on all sides of the conflicts relived and reveled in their past glories. Changing technology and weaponry over the next hundred years brought about changes in uniforms and tactics. The military artists of the time kept up with the changes and provided their eager audiences with illustrations of current and past uniforms in all their color and splendor.For over 40 years we have been fortunate to obtain and to photograph originals of many of the worlds most interesting and valuable collections of military uniform prints from the 18th, 19th and early 20th Centuries. These photos were taken over a thirty year period by the late Bob Cowan who achieved a mastery of print photography. Bob owned and operated MILITARIA, a shop in Dallas, Texas specializing in military miniatures, rare books and other military items. As he acquired rare and costly originals such as Knötel's UNIFORMENKUNDE or books by artists like Chelminski, Bellange, and many others before selling them to collectors he photographed the plates. For the first time the collector without the resources of a rare book dealer could own some of history's most interesting and attractive military uniform prints. For many years Bob sold reproductions of these photographs as photographic prints and slides through the shop and by mail order. As a young college student and long time friend of Bob's I was fortunate to work in the shop during my summer vacations and other holiday breaks. My only compensation was to work around so many fine items that I found so interesting and during that time I acquired a love and appreciation for military uniform prints and the history of military uniforms. We sold and shipped these prints to customers all over the world on a regular basis. After Bob sold Militaria and retired in the early 1980's he took his collection of print and slide masters with him and he passed them on to us in the early nineties.Our print collections have been assembled from these photos which have been scanned on the most modern equipment and then reproduced using the finest ink jet printing equipment which most accurately simulates the original coloring processes. Modern digital technology allows us to clean and restore the prints to match the vibrancy of the originals. Then print them using four and even six color processing. Among our collections are the work of Ottenfeld, Knötel, Chelminski, Marbot and others. Originals of these works sell on today's market for many times their original price. Typical single Knötel first printing Uniformenkunde plates often command thirty U.S. dollars or more per print as do those of Marbot. The Chelminski and Malibran book on the Grand Duchy of Warsaw published around 1900 was limited to only a few hundred copies and originals are virtually priceless. Even modern reproductions using standard printing methods sell for over $250.
Philip Cranz
Manuscrit Gudenus[modifier le code]
Die Gudenus-Handschrift ist eine Bilderhandschrift, die kaiserliche Truppen im Lager von Heilbronn im Polnischen Erbfolgekrieg 1734 darstellt. Das Lager bestand im Zuge der Belagerung der Festung Philippsburg durch Frankreich. Die Handschrift besteht aus zwei großen Folioblättern mit karikaturenhaften, aber auch sehr detaillierten Darstellungen einzelner Soldaten. Die Blätter sind in einem Konvolut Manuscripta ad militiam spectantia im Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe enthalten[1].
Künstler[modifier le code]
Die Darstellungen schrieb Hans Bleckwenn Philipp Franz von Gudenus (1710–1783) zu, über dessen Leben relativ wenig bekannt ist. 1770 bis 1783 wird Gudenus als Inhaber eines kurmainzischen Infanterieregiments genannt. Gudenus erwies sich in Heilbronn als ein ausgesprochen gewissenhafter Beobachter.
Dargestellte Truppen[modifier le code]
Dargestellt werden Dänemark, die Reichsarmee (mit den Reichskreisen Franken, Schwaben, Oberrhein, Niederrhein-Westfalen, Obersachsen), Kaiserlich-Habsburg, Preußen, Kur-Hannover, Hessen-Kassel, Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, Würzburg, Bamberg, Württemberg, Sachsen-Weimar, Sachsen-Eisenach und Sachsen-Gotha.
Bedeutung[modifier le code]
Die Handschrift hat insofern Bedeutung, als sie erstmals in einer figürlichen (und nicht schematischen) Darstellung Uniformen unterschiedlichster Kontingente darstellt. Die Figuren selbst sind etwa 6 Zentimeter groß (Fußsoldat). Hierbei werden die unterschiedlichen Traditionen und Moden deutlich (z. B. vorwiegend weiße Uniformen für katholische Länder, blaue für protestantische Länder und rot für handelsorientierte/reiche Länder). Auffallend sind die preußischen Soldaten, die etwa gegenüber Soldaten der Reichsarmee großgewachsen sind und einen äußerst knappen Uniformschnitt tragen. Die Darstellungen dienten insbesondere Herbert Knötel zur Rekonstruktion historischer Uniformen, die in Zigarettenbildern zum Allgemeingut wurden.
Siehe auch[modifier le code]
Literatur[modifier le code]
- Hans Bleckwenn: Reiter, Husaren und Grenadiere. Die Uniformen der kaiserlichen Armee am Rhein 1734. Harenberg, Dortmund 1979, (ISBN 3-88379-125-3) (Die bibliophilen Taschenbücher. Band 125)
Einzelnachweise[modifier le code]
- Leihgabe des Großherzoglich Badischen Hausfideikommisses, Signatur Hfk-Hs Nr. 105